Schaffner Glossary
Listview for the terms
A
A/D
Analog/Digital
A/m
Ampere per meter (unit of magnetic field strength)
Absorber
Material, often ferrite, which is capable of absorbing HF radiation
AC
Alternating current; Administrative circular
ACB
Association of Competent Bodies
AE
Auxiliary equipment
AF
Antenna factor
AF
Audio frequency
AFC
Automatic frequency control
AGC
Automatic gain control
ALC
Absorber lined chamber
AM
Amplitude modulation
AMN
Artificial mains network
Anechoic
A shielded room which is covered with HF absorbers and as such has a completely homogeneous field
ANL
Automatic noise limiter
ANSI
American National Standards Institute
APD
Amplitude probability distribution
AR
Arrester
ASIC
Application specific integrated circuit
ASU
Automatic interference suppression
ATE
Automatic test equipment
B
B-field
Magnetic flux field density (in Teslas)
BABT
British Approvals for Telecommunications
BALUN
Balanced to unbalanced (transformer)
BCI
Bulk current injection
BCIT
Bulk current injection test
BD
Lightning protection diode
BEM
Boundary element method
BEMS
Bioelectromagnetics Society (devoted to electric effects in living organisms)
BS
British Standard
BSA
Lightning protection system
BSI
British Standards Institute
C
Cage of Faraday
See shielded room
CB
Citizens band (radio)
CC
Compilation of comments on CD
CCIR
[1] Comité Consultatif International Radiocommunication
CCIR
[2] International Consulting Committee for Radiocommunications
CCIR
[3] Consultatif International des Radiocommunications
CCITT
[1] Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique
CCITT
[2] International Consulting Committee for Telegraphy and Telephony (Geneva)
CD
Committee draft for comments
CDM
Charged device model
CDN
Coupling/decoupling network
CDT
Conducted disturbance test
CDV
Committee draft for vote
CE
Communauté Européenne / European Community (see CE-Marking)
CE
Conducted emission
CE-Marking
The mark consists of the letters CE and indicates compliance with all relevant EC-directives which concern the marked product. It means that the natural or juristic person which executed or ordered marking has made sure that the good complies with all har
CECC
CENELEC Electronic Components Committee
CEM
Compatibilité electromagnétique (French) - Electromagnetic compatibility
CEN
[1] Comité Européen de Normalisation
CEN
[2] European Standardization Committee
CENELEC
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique (European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization), located in Brussels, in charge of harmonizing electro-technical standards in the frame of the European Community and the European Economic Area EE
CEOC
Confédération Européenne d'Organismes de Contrôle (European Confederation of Independent Inspecting Bodies)
CEU
Commission of the European Union
CI
Conducted interference
CIGRE
[1] Conference internationale des grands réseaux electriques á haute tension
CIGRE
[2] International conference for high-voltage networks
CIP
Current injection probe
CISPR
Comité international spécial des perturbations radioélectriques
CM
Common mode
CMC
Common mode coupling
CMI
Common mode interference
CMR
Common mode rejection (CMR/dB = 20 log CMRR)
CMRR
Common mode rejection ratio
CMV
Common mode voltage
CNC
Common mode to normal mode conversion
CRD
Current regulative diode
CS
Conducted susceptibility
CSA
Canadian Standards Association
CUT
Circuit under test
CW
Continuous waves
CX
Coaxial
D
D/A
Digital to analog
DA
Draft agenda
DAC
Digital to analog converter
DAR
German Accrediting Council (central organ covering all federal and private industrial activities to determine competence of test laboratories and certifiers)
DAS
Disturbance analysis system
dB
Decibel
dBc
dB beyond carrier level
dBm
dB above one milliwatt
dBuV
dB above one microvolt
DC
A131Direct current
DCM
Direct current noise margin
DCS
Digitally coded squelch
DEMP
Dispersed EMP
DF
Decoupling filter
DIN
Deutsches Institut fuer Normung
DIS
Draft international standard
DM
Direct mode
DMC
Differential mode coupling
DNL
Dynamic noise limiter
DNR
Dynamic noise reduction
doa
Date of announcement
dop
Date of publication
dor
Date of ratification
dow
Date of withdrawal
DRA
Defence Evaluation & Research Agency
DTI
Department of Trade and Industry
DUT
Device under test
E
E-Field
Electric field
EAF
Electrical antenna factor
EC Declaration of Conformity
Declaration of a supplier certifying the compliance of his product with a particular European standard. In accordance with the Electromagnetic Compatibility Act, the declaration has to contain the following: the description of the corresponding device or
ECE
Economic Commission for Europe
ECMA
European Computer Manufacturers Association
EEA
European Economic Area (The EEA consists of the member states of the European Community and the EFTA member states.)
EED
Electro-explosive devices
EEE
E3, Electromagnetic environmental effects
EEN
Environmental electromagnetic noise
EER
European Economic Room
EES
Electromagnetic environment simulator
EFT
Electrical fast transient
EFT/B
Electrical fast transient burst
EFTA
European Free Trade Association
EGB
Electrostatic sensitive components
EHF
Extremely high frequency
EIA
Electronic Industries Association
Electro-sensitivity
A vegetative reaction to extremely low fields
ELF
Extremely low frequency
ELSECOM
European Electrotechnical Sectoral Committee for Testing and Certification
EM
Electromagnetic environment
EMAS
Emission measurement automatic system
EMB
Electromagnetic influence
EMC
Electromagnetic compatibility, extend to which electrical appliances can withstand each others radiated fields
EMC-Directive of the EC
Directive harmonizing standards concerning EMC-related questions in the European Economic Area (EEA). It is covering devices which can cause electromagnetic interferences or which can be influenced by electromagnetic interferences and lays down EMC-protec
EMCAB
Electromagnetic Compatibility Advisory Board
EMCDAS
Electromagnetic compatibility data acquisition system
EMCNET
The world-wide focal point for EMC/EMI news, information, products and services.
EMCS
Electromagnetic Compatibility Society (within the IEEE)
EME
Electromagnetic emission
EME
Electromagnetic environment
EMI
Electromagnetic interference, extend to which one device's radiated field influences the proper functioning of another device.
EMIC
Electromagnetic interference control
EMIE
Electromagnetic interference effects
EMISMS
Electromagnetic interference safety margins
Emission
A HF field emitted from a certain source, most often a piece of electronic equipment.
EMP
Electromagnetic pulse
EMR
Electromagnetic radiation
EMRE
Electromagnetic radiation effects
EMS
Electromagnetic susceptibility
EMSCAN
Electromagnetic scanner
EMV
Elektromagnetische Vertraeglichkeit
EMVU
Electromagnetic compatibility environment
EMVV
Elektromagnetische Vertraeglichkeitsverordnung / Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive (Austrian EMC law)
EN
European Standard (see CENELEC)
Endo-NEMP
Endo-atmospheric nuclear electromagnetic pulse
ENI
Equivalent noise input
ENR
Equivalent noise resistance
ENR
Excess noise ratio
ENV
European pre-standard (Pre-standards are created as provisional standards for future standards in order to gather experience in its application. National standards can be maintained simultaneously. After three years, pre-standards have to be converted int
EOS
Electrical overstress
EOTC
European Organization for Testing and Certification
EPA
ESD-protected area
Equipment Under Test
The electronic device which is currently tested for immunity or emission
ERP
Earth reference plane
ERP
Effective radiated power
ESD
Electrostatic discharge
ESDCP
ESD control program
ESDS-partss
ESD-sensitive part
ESHG
Home and building electric systems
ETS
European Telecommunication Standard
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EU
European Union
EUT
Equipment under test
Exo-NEMP
Exo-atmospheric nuclear electromagnetic pulse
F
F/V
Frequency to voltage
Fast fourier transform (FFT)
Mathematical method to calculate the frequency spectrum from a number of analog to digital (A/D) conversions (conversion from time domain to frequency domain).
FCC
Federal Communications Commission
FDL
Ferrite diode limiter
FDM
Finite difference method
FE
Foundation grounding
FEB
The Swedish Association for the Electrically and VDT Injured
FEM
Finite element method
Ferrite
Material which is known for its property to absorb high frequent radiation well.
FFT
See fast fourier transform
FPC
Ferrite polymer composite
FPC
Filter pin connector
FS
Fine protection (surge protector)
G
GHz
Gigahertz
GICs
Geomagnetic induced currents
GLC
Ground-loop coupling
GND
Ground
GPR
Ground potential rise
GRP
Ground reference plane
GS
Coarse protection (surge protector)
GTEM
Gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (cell)
H
H
Henry
H-Field
Magnetic field
HA-NEMP
High altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse
HAEMP
High altitude EMP
HBES
Home and building electronic systems
HBM
Human body model
HF
High Frequent, electro magnetic radiation with a frequency higher than approximately 1MHz
Homogeneous Field
A HF field that has the same strength in each position in a certain pre-defined space
HP
High pass
HPE
High power electromagnetics
HPM
High power microwaves
HPPM-generator
High power pulsed microwave generator
HV
High voltage
Hz
Hertz
I
I
Interference
I.E.C.
International Electrotechnical Commission
I.E.E.E.
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
I.F.
Intermediate frequency
I.N.F.
Document for information
I.N.R.
Interference-to-noise ratio
I.S.
International Standard
I.S.M.
Industrial, scientific and medical (equipment)
I.S.O.
International Standardization Organization
I.T.U.
International Telecommunications Union
IAP
Intrasystem analysis program
ICAE
International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity
ICLP
International Conference on Lightning Protection
IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission
IECEE
IEC System for conformity testing to standards for safety of electrical equipment
IEEE
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IEMCAP
Intrasystem electromagnetic compatibility analysis program
IEMP
Internal EMP
IFRB
International Frequency Registration Board
IFU
International Telecommunication Union
ILIL
Input longitudinal interference loss
Immunity
The resistance of a certain piece of electronic equipment against external high frequency fields.
IMRR
Isolation mode rejection rate
INIRC
International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee
INL
Internal noise level
IPC
n-plant point of coupling
IRCC
International Radio Consultative Committee
IRD
Incidental radiation devices
IRPA
International Radiation Protection Association
IRTO
International Radio and Television Organization
ISM
Industrial scientific and medical (equipment)
ISO
International Organization for Standardization
ITE
Information technology equipment
ITU
International Telecommunication Union
J
JEDEC
Joint Electron Device Engineering Council
K
kA
Kiloampere (1000A)
kHz
Kilohertz (1000Hz)
KNOSPE
Short-term low-ohmic star grounding (fault selection method for mains networks)
L
L.E.M.P.
Lightning electromagnetic pulse
L.I.S.N.
Line impedance stabilization network
LA
Lightning arrester
LAEMP
Low altitude EMP
LC
Line conditioner
LCL
Longitudinal conversion loss
LCTL
Longitudinal conversion transfer loss
LED
See light emitting diode
LEMP
Lightning electromagnetic pulse
LF
Low frequency (30 - 300kHz)
LFS
Quenched spark gap (overvoltage protector for low-voltage installations)
LIL
Longitudinal impedance loss
LISN
Line impedance stabilization network
LITL
Longitudinal interference threshold level
LNA
Low noise amplifier
LPE
Lightning pulse environment
LPPE
Lightning protection potential equalization
LPS
Lightning protection system
LS
Lightning stroke
LSL
Low speed logic
LSV
Low speed distortion proof connection (for data transmission)
LVD
Low voltage directive on 31 December 1996, the CE marking directive's (93/68/EEC) transition period ended meaning that a single design of CE mark applies to all the so-called new approach directives. Two directives for which this is particularly significa
LVPI network
Low voltage power installation network
M
M.A.F.
Magnetic antenna factor
M.L.V.
Multi layer varistors
MEB
Main equipotential bonding
MEMPS
Mobile electromagnetic pulse simulator
MF
Medium frequency (300 - 3000kHz)
mH
Millihenry
MHDEMP
Magnetohydrodynamic EMP
MHz
Megahertz
MIL-STD
Military standard
MM
Machine model
MOM
Method of moments
MOV
Metal oxide varistor
MPG
Law on medical products
MS
Mains signalling
N
N.B.
Narrow band
N.E.M.P.
Nuclear electromagnetic pulse
NACSEM
National COMSEC/EMSEC information memorandum (TEMPEST)
NACSI
National COMSEC instruction (TEMPEST)
NAE
National Academy of Engineering
NAMAS
National Measurement and Accreditation Service
NASA
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NEMF
Natural electromagnetic field
NEMP
Nuclear electromagnetic pulse
NEP
Noise equivalent power
NF
Noise factor
NIST
National Institute of Standards and Technology
NL
Noise limiter
NMR
Normal mode rejection
NMV
Normal mode voltage
NOSPE
Low ohmic star point grounding (in electric energy systems)
NPL
National Physics Laboratory (UK)
NPT
Noise protection transformer
NR
Noise ratio
NSA
Normalized site attenuation
NVLAP
National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (USA)
O
OATS
Open area test site
OIML
Organisation internationale de metrologie legale / International organization for legal measuring
OIRT
Organisation internationale de radiodiffussion et télévision international
OJEC
Official Journal of the European Communities
OVP
Overvoltage protection
P
P.Q.
Primary Questionnaire, CENELEC-procedure to determine interest to establish an IEC-norm as an European norm
PA
Potential equalization
PARD
Periodic and random deviation
PC
Point of coupling
PCC
Point of common coupling
PE
Protective earth
PEL
Permissible exposure limit
PELV
Protective extra low voltage
PEMF
Pulsating magnetic fields
PFC
Power factor correction
PFVP
Proper functioning verification procedures
PLC
Power line conditioner
PLDA
Power line disturbance analyzer
PLHR
Power line harmonic radiation
PLR
Power line radiation
PLSN
Power line stabilization network
POE
Point of entry
PPED
Personal protective equipment directive
PRF
Pulse repetition frequency
PSR
Power supply rejection
PSRR
Power supply rejection rate
PTF pastes
Polymer thick film pastes
Q
R
R
Radiation
R.M.
Report of meeting
R.M.S.
Root mean square, effective value of voltage, current or power
R.Q.
Result of questionnaire
R.V.C.
Result of vote of CDV
R.V.D.
Report of voting on (F)DIS
R.V.N.
Report of voting on NWP
R.V.S.
Report of voting on SR
RADHAZ
Radiation hazards
RCTL
Rectangular coaxial transmission line
RE
Radiated emission
RF
Radio frequency
RFC
Radio frequency choke
RFI
Radio frequency interference
RIF
Radio-influence field
RIV
Radio influence voltage
rms
Root mean square value, effective value of voltage, current or power
RRD
Restricted radiation devices
RS
Radiated suscept
S
S.C.
Sub-Committee
S.E.
Shielding effectiveness
S.E.M.P.
Switching electromagnetic pulse
S.N.R.
Signal-to-noise ratio
S.R.
Systematic review of IS system reference
S/N
Signal-to-noise ratio
SAA
Standards Australia
SAE
Society of automotive engineers
SAR
Specific absorption rate
SCC
Standards Council of Canada
Schaffner
safety for electronic systems
SELV
Safety extra low voltage
SEMP
Switching electromagnetic pulse
SERP
System earth reference point
SGEMP
System generated EMP
SHA
Special handling area
SHF
Super high frequency (3 - 30GHz)
Shielded Room
Room constructed from metal with no hole larger than the wavelength of the maximum frequency. Rooms like this have the property of shielding the interior from external fields like lightning or high frequency radiation.
SN
Signal-to-noise ratio
SNR
Signal-to noise ratio
SPE
Star point grounding (in electric energy systems)
SPG
Single-point ground
SPU
Surge protection unit
SR-NRW
Rectifier mains feedback
SREMP
Source region EMP
SVP
Surge voltage protector
SWC
Surge withstand capability
SZL
Logic proof against interferences and destruction
T
T.C.
Technical Committee
T.E.M.
Transverse electromagnetic, dominant field
T.V.S.
Transient voltage suppresser
TAZ-Diode
Transient absorption Z-Diode
TCF
Technical construction file
TCFR
Technical construction file route
TCS-model
Travelling current source model
TDR
Time domain reflectometry
TEM-Cell
Transverse electromagnetic cell
TEMPEST
Temporary emanation and spurious transmission
TEMPEST
Transient electromagnetic pulse emanation standard
TEMPS
Transportable electromagnetic pulse simulator
TGPR
Transient ground potential rise
THD
Total harmonic distortion (factor)
TLM
Transmission line model
TMIS
Transmission impairment measuring set
TN-C-Network
TN-network where the protective conductor serves as neutral conductor simultaneously
TN-C-S-Network
TN-network with both combined and separate neutral and protective conductors
TN-Network
TN (terre neutre) Electric network where at least one point of the power circuit is directly grounded (in most cases the star point). The cases of connected devices are connected to the grounded points via a protective conductor. TN networks are subdivide
TN-S-Network
TN-network with separate neutral and protective conductors
TPD
Terminal protective device
TPD
Transient protective device
TREE
Transient radiation effects on electronics
TRIGATEM-chamber
Funnel-shaped shielded absorber TEM-chamber (Structure similar to a GTEM-chamber. Additionally, the side walls are also covered by absorbers in order to suppress cavity resonance at high frequencies.)
TSD
Transient suppression devices
TVI
Television interference
TVS
Transient voltage suppresser
U
U.A.P.
Unique acceptance procedure, CENELEC-procedure where a preliminary norm is filed for comment as well as for voting, in order to gain time.
UFB
Surge protector fine barrier
UHF
Ultra high frequency (300 - 3000MHz)
UIT
Union Internationale des Télécommunications / International Telecommunication Union
UL
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
ULF
Ultra low frequency (300Hz - 3kHz)
UNIPEDE
[1] Union internationale des producteurs et distributeurs d'énergie électrique
UNIPEDE
[2] International Union of Power Producers and Distributors
UPS
Uninterrupted power supply
URF
Unwanted radio-frequency
URSI
Union Radio Scientifique Internationale
USM
Universal spike monitor
USV
Uninteruptable power supply (array of switches, rectifiers, inverters and particularly batteries which ensures a continuos supply of power to the consumers in case of power failure and possibly improves energy quality)
UVP
Environmental tolerance measurement
UVV
Accident prevention regulations
V
VA
Valve arrester
VDE
Verband Deutscher Elektrotechniker e.V.
VHF
Very high frequency (30 - 300MHz)
VLF
Very low frequency (3 - 30kHz)
VRD
Voltage regulative diode
VWSR
Voltage standing wave ratio
W
W.A.R.C.
World Administrative Radio Conference
X
X1
Capacitor for across-the-line IEC664 installation category 111
X2
Capacitor for across-the-line, IEC664 installation category 11
XT
Crosstalk
Y
Y1
Capacitor for bridging of double or reinforced insulation
Y2
Capacitor for bridging of basic or supplementary insulation
Z
